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Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev was a prominent Russian novelist, poet, and playwright, whose work is seen as significant for its articulate representation of evolving social issues during the 19th century. Born into a wealthy family on November 9, 1818, in Oryol, he was privy to the life of Russian aristocracy which deeply influenced his writing. Turgenev studied at the Universities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Berlin, and while abroad, he was exposed to the liberal and radical ideas that were to mark his literary voice. His sophisticated narrative style is a fusion of delicate prose and stark realism, often focusing on the conflicts between generations and ideologies. This is best embodied in his renowned novel 'Fathers and Sons' (1862), a masterpiece that delves into the growing nihilistic attitudes of the younger generation, as opposed to their parents' romanticism and conservatism. The novel stands as a cornerstone of Russian literature, providing incisive insights into the intricacies of Russian society and the intellectual ferment of the age. Turgenev's influence extends beyond Russian literature; he is credited with introducing Russian culture to Europe and fostering a greater appreciation of Russian literature in the West. He continues to be remembered as a lauded figure in literary realism, and his works remain essential texts for understanding the cultural and historical milieu of 19th-century Russia.