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Muhammad Ali Al -Kabeer or Muhammad Ali Pasha Al -Masoud bin Ibrahim Agha Al -Qolly, nicknamed Al -Aziz or Aziz Egypt, is the founder of the Alawite family and the ruler of Egypt between the years 1805 to 1848, and he is commonly described as "the founder of modern Egypt" and it is a saying that was the same as the first to promote it and continued After an organized and striking way. He was able to rise to the throne of Egypt after he pledged allegiance to the country's notables to be the governor of it, after the people revolted against his predecessor Khorshid Pasha, and his intelligence and exploitation of the circumstances surrounding him enabled him to continue to rule Egypt for all of that period, to break the Ottoman habit that was not left to Egypt For more than two years. During the reign of Muhammad Ali, he was able to rise in Egypt militarily, educationally, industrial, agricultural and commercial, which made Egypt a state of heaviness in that period, but its condition did not continue due to the weakness of his successors and their neglect in the gradual gains he achieved until his state fell on June 18 In the year 1953 AD, the abolition of ownership and the announcement of the Republic in Egypt. In his book "Mohamed Ali Al -Kabeer", the Egyptian historian Mohamed Shafiq Ghorbal intends to mention the historical period in which Muhammad Ali ruled Egypt and mentioned his attributes and adequacy, and the touch to the political conditions accompanying that period.