Mariposas_Portada-EPUB.png

A mis padres. A Brandon, Angie y Melanie. A todos los que se asombran por la belleza del bosque y por los detalles perfectos de una mariposa.

Contenido

Abreviaturas usadas en este libro

Introducción

El centro experimental

Área de estudio

¿Ejemplares vivos o muertos?

Trampas, redes y cebos

El hallazgo del macho de una rara subespecie: Adelpha justina maira Orellana, 1996

El caso de Anthanassa dubia (A. Hall, 1929): una posible especie exclusiva del Caribe colombiano y del norte de Venezuela

Anatomía de una mariposa

¿Por qué proteger las mariposas?

Taxonomía

Familia Hesperiidae

Agara belti (Godman & Salvin, 1879)

Anisochoria pedaliodina (Butler, 1870)

Antigonus erosus (Hübner, [1812])

Ardaris aerata (Godman & Salvin, 1879)

Artines aepitus (Geyer, 1832)

Autochton potrillo (Lucas, 1857)

Bolla sp.

Burnsius adepta (Plötz, 1884)

Burnsius orcus (Stoll, 1780)

Callimormus radiola (Mabille, 1878)

Callimormus saturnus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Canesia lilloi (Hayward, 1947)

Carrhenes calidius Godman & Salvin, 1895

Cecropterus dorantes (Stoll, 1790)

Cecropterus doryssus (Swainson, 1831)

Cecropterus sp.

Celaenorrhinus sp.

Chioides catillus (Cramer, 1779)

Chiomara (asychis) simon Evans, 1953

Cobalopsis nero (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Cobalus virbius (Cramer, 1777)

Cogia calchas (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Cymaenes alumna (A. Butler, 1877)

Cymaenes trebius (Mabille, 1891)

Dalla mesoxantha (Plötz, 1884)

Dalla sp.

Diaeus lacaena (Hewitson, 1869)

Eantis pallida (R. Felder, 1869)

Eantis thraso (Hübner, [1807])

Ebrietas anacreon (Staudinger, 1876)

Epargyreus exadeus (Cramer, 1779)

Gesta gesta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1863)

Gorgythion beggina Mabille, 1898

Helias cama Evans, 1953

Heliopetes alana (Reakirt, 1868)

Heliopetes domicella (Erichson, [1849])

Heliopetes laviana (Hewitson, 1868)

Lucida lucia (Capronnier, 1874)

Metron chrysogastra (Butler, 1870)

Monca telata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Mylon lassia (Hewitson, 1868)

Mylon maimon (Fabricius, 1775)

Onophas columbaria columbaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870)

Ouleus fridericus (Geyer, 1832)

Panoquina lucas (Fabricius, 1793)

Pellicia dimidiata Herrich-Schäffer, 1870

Polites vibex praeceps (Scudder, 1872)

Polygonus savigny savigny (Latreille, [1824])

Proteides mercurius mercurius (Fabricius, 1787)

Quadrus lugubris (R. Felder, 1869)

Remella sp.

Sostrata bifasciata leucorrhoa Godman & Salvin, 1895

Spicauda simplicius (Stoll, 1790)

Spicauda teleus (Hübner, 1821)

Synapte lutulenta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Synapte malitiosa pericles (Möschler, 1879)

Telegonus alector hopfferi (Plötz, 1881)

Telegonus anaphus (Cramer, 1777)

Telegonus fulgerator (Walch, [1775])

Theagenes albiplaga (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Urbanus sp.

Vehilius stictomenes (A. Butler, 1877)

Vettius aurelius (Plötz, 1882)

Vettius coryna (Hewitson, 1866)

Xenophanes tryxus (Cramer, 1780)

Zopyrion satyrina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Familia Lycaenidae

Arawacus dumenilii (Godart, [1824])

Arawacus lincoides (Draudt, 1917)

Aubergina vanessoides (Prittwitz, 1865)

Brevianta sp.

Cupido comyntas (Godart, [1824])

Evenus coronata (Hewitson, 1865)

Hemiargus hanno (Stoll, 1790)

Leptotes cassius (Cramer, 1775)

Pseudolycaena marsyas (Linnaeus, 1758)

Rekoa palegon (Cramer, 1780)

Strymon astiocha (Prittwitz, 1865)

Strymon bubastus (Stoll, 1780)

Strymon melinus Hübner, 1818

Strymon mulucha (Hewitson, 1867)

Strymon yojoa (Reakirt, [1867])

Tmolus echion (Linnaeus, 1767)

Ziegleria hesperitis (A.Butler & H.Druce, 1872)

Familia Nymphalidae

Actinote anteas (E. Doubleday, [1847])

Actinote pellenea Hübner, [1821]

Adelpha corcyra salazari Willmott, 2003

Adelpha erotia (Hewitson, 1847)

Adelpha iphiclus iphiclus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Adelpha irmina (E. Doubleday, [1847])

Adelpha justina maira Orellana, 1996

Adelpha zina inachia Staudinger, 1886

Agraulis vanillae (Linnaeus, 1758)

Altinote stratonice marthae (Jordan, 1910)

Altinote trinacria (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862)

Anartia amathea (Linnaeus, 1758)

Anartia jatrophae (Linnaeus, 1763)

Anthanassa acesas castianira (Godman & Salvin, 1860)

Anthanassa drusilla (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Anthanassa dubia (A. Hall, 1929)

Archaeoprepona amphimachus amphimachus (Fabricius, 1775)

Archaeoprepona demophoon gulina (Fruhstorfer, 1904)

Brassolis isthmia H. Bates, 1864

Caligo brasiliensis (C. Felder, 1862)

Callicore pitheas (Latreille, [1813])

Castilia eranites (Hewitson, 1857)

Castilia ofella (Hewitson, [1864])

Catonephele chromis (E. Doubleday, [1848])

Chloreuptychia arnaca (Fabricius, 1776)

Chlosyne lacinia (Geyer, 1837)

Chlosyne narva narva (Fabricius, 1793)

Cissia confusa (Staudinger, 1887)

Cissia pompilia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Colobura dirce (Linnaeus, 1758)

Consul fabius cecrops (E. Doubleday, [1849])

Corades chelonis Hewitson, 1863

Corades cybele (A. Butler, 1866)

Corades medeba columbina Staudinger, 1894

Danaus eresimus eresimus (Cramer, 1777)

Danaus gilippus (Cramer, 1775)

Danaus plexippus megalippe (Hübner, [1826])

Diaethria clymena (Cramer, 1775)

Diaethria gabaza (Hewitson, [1855])

Dione glycera (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Dione juno (Cramer, 1779)

Dircenna dero (Hübner, 1823)

Doxocopa cyane mexicana Bryk, 1953

Doxocopa laure (Drury, 1773)

Doxocopa laurentia cherubina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Dryas iulia (Fabricius, 1775)

Dynamine postverta (Cramer, 1779)

Ectima thecla (Fabricius, 1796)

Eresia eunice mechanitis Godman & Salvin, 1878

Eueides isabella (Stoll, 1781)

Eueides procula E. Doubleday, [1847]

Eunica monima (Stoll, 1782)

Euptoieta hegesia (Cramer, 1779)

Euptychia jesia (A. Butler, 1869)

Euptychoides laccine (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Forsterinaria neonympha (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Fountainea glycerium (E. Doubleday, [1849])

Fountainea ryphea (Cramer, 1775)

Greta andromica (Hewitson, [1855])

Haematera pyrame (Hübner, [1819])

Hamadryas amphinome (Linnaeus, 1767)

Hamadryas februa (Hübner, [1823])

Hamadryas feronia (Linnaeus, 1758)

Heliconius clysonymus Latreille, [1817]

Heliconius doris (Linnaeus, 1771)

Heliconius eleuchia eleuchia Hewitson, [1854]

Heliconius erato (Linnaeus, 1758)

Hermeuptychia harmonia (A. Butler, 1867)

Hermeuptychia hermes (Fabricius, 1775)

Heterosais giulia Hewitson [1855]

Historis odius (Fabricius, 1775)

Hypanartia dione (Latreille, [1813])

Hypanartia lethe (Fabricius, 1793)

Hypna clytemnestra (Cramer, 1777)

Hypoleria lavinia vanilia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865)

Hypoleria ocalea (E. Doubleday, 1847)

Ithomia avella cesleria (Hewitson, [1855])

Ithomia iphianassa E. Doubleday, 1847

Janatella leucodesma (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Junonia evarete (Cramer, 1779)

Lasiophila semipartita Weymer, 1912

Lycorea halia (Hübner, 1816)

Lymanopoda caeruleata Godman & Salvin, 1880

Magneuptychia libye (Linnaeus, 1767)

Manerebia nevadensis E. Krüger, 1925

Marpesia berania (Hewitson, 1852)

Marpesia chiron (Fabricius, 1775)

Marpesia corinna (Latreille, [1813])

Marpesia petreus (Cramer, 1776)

Marpesia zerynthia Hübner, [1823]

Mechanitis lysimnia utemaia (Reakirt, 1866)

Memphis sp.

Mestra hersilia (Fabricius, 1776)

Microtia elva H. Bates, 1864

Morpho helenor (Cramer, 1776)

Morpho rhodopteron Godman & Salvin, 1880

Napeogenes stella (Hewitson, [1855])

Nica flavilla (Godart, [1824])

Oleria amalda amalda (Hewitson, [1857])

Pagyris cymothoe cymothoe (Hewitson, [1855])

Parataygetis lineata (Godman & Salvin, 1880)

Pareuptychia metaleuca (Boisduval, 1870)

Pareuptychia orrcihoe (Fabricius, 1776)

Pedaliodes leucocheilus Godman & Salvin, 1880

Pedaliodes manis (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867)

Pedaliodes phazania Grose Smith, 1900

Pedaliodes symmachus (Godman & Salvin, 1880)

Pedaliodes tyrrheus (Godman & Salvin, 1880)

Perisama gisco Godman & Salvin, 1880

Pharneuptychia n. sp. Henao et al., 2020

Pierella luna luna (Fabricius, 1793)

Prepona laertes (Hübner, [1811])

Pronophila unifasciata Lathy, 1906

Pseudoscada troetschi (Staudinger, [1844])

Pteronymia latilla (Hewitson, [1855])

Siderone galanthis (Cramer, 1775)

Sierrasteroma polyxo (Godman & Salvin, 1880)

Siproeta epaphus epaphus (Latreille, [1813])

Siproeta stelenes (Linnaeus, 1758)

Steroma polixo (Godman & Salvin, 1880)

Taygetis kerea Butler, 1869

Taygetis laches (Fabricius, 1793)

Taygetis leuctra A. Butler, 1870

Tegosa anieta (Hewitson, 1864)

Telenassa delphia catenaria (Godman & Salvin, 1880)

Temenis laothoe (Cramer, 1777)

Tithorea harmonia harmonia (Cramer, 1777)

Vanessa braziliensis (Moore, 1883)

Vanessa virginiensis (Drury, 1773)

Yphthimoides renata (Stoll, 1780)

Familia Papilionidae

Battus crassus (Cramer, 1777)

Battus polydamas (Linnaeus, 1758)

Heraclides anchisiades (Fabricius, 1793)

Heraclides homothoas (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Heraclides thoas nealces (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Parides anchises serapis (Boisduval, 1836)

Parides eurimedes eurimedes (Stoll, 1782)

Parides iphidamas (Fabricius, 1793)

Parides iphidamas teneates (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Parides panares erythrus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Protesilaus macrosilaus leucones (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906)

Familia Pieridae

Anteos clorinde (Godart, [1824])

Anteos maerula (Fabricius, 1775)

Archonias brassolis (Fabricius, 1776)

Ascia monuste (Linnaeus, 1764)

Dismorphia crisia foedora (Lucas, 1852)

Dismorphia medora (E. Doubleday, 1844)

Dismorphia theucharila marta Rodríguez, Llorente & Salazar, 2004

Dismorphia zathoe (Hewitson, [1858])

Eurema albula (Cramer, 1775)

Eurema daira lydia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Eurema phiale columbia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Eurema mexicana (Boisduval, 1836)

Eurema salome santamarta Le Crom, Winhard & Salazar, 2004

Eurema xantochlora magna Winhard & Le Crom, 2004

Ganyra josephina janeta (Dixey, 1915)

Ganyra phaloe (Godart, 1819)

Glutophrissa drusilla (Fabricius, 1793)

Itaballia demophile calydonia (Boisduval, 1836)

Kricogonia lyside (Godart, 1819)

Leodonta dysoni (E. Doubleday, 1847)

Leptophobia aripa aripa (Boisduval, 1836)

Leptophobia eleone denigrata Le crom, Andrade & Winhard, 2004

Lieinix nemesis (Latreille, [1813])

Melete lycimnia (Cramer, 1777)

Pereute charops (Boisduval, 1836)

Perrhybris malenka bogotana (A. Butler, 1898)

Phoebis agarithe agarithe (Boisduval, 1836)

Phoebis argante (Fabricius, 1775)

Phoebis neocypris rurina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Phoebis sennae marcellina (Cramer, 1777)

Pieriballia mandela (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Pyrisitia dina gabriela Le Crom & Llorente, 2004

Pyrisitia leuce (Boisduval, 1836)

Pyrisitia venusta (Boisduval, 1836)

Pyrisitia proterpia (Fabricius, 1775)

Phoebis trite (Linnaeus, 1758)

Familia Riodinidae

Amphiselenis chama (Staudinger, [1887])

Ariconias albinus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Aricoris erostratus (Westwood, 1851)

Calephelis iris (Staudinger, 1876)

Calephelis laverna (Godman & Salvin, 1886)

Calephelis sp.

Calydna venusta Godman & Salvin, 1886

Caria domitianus (Fabricius, 1793)

Caria mantinea (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Charis anius (Cramer, 1776)

Chorinea octauius (Fabricius, 1787)

Detritivora hermodora (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)

Emesis cypria C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861

Emesis aurimna (Boisduval, 1870)

Emesis mandana (Cramer, 1780)

Emesis ocypore aethalia H. Bates, 1868

Eurybia dardus annulata Stichel, 1910

Hades noctula Westwood, 1851

Lasaia agesilas (Latreille, [1809])

Melanis electron (Fabricius, 1793)

Mesene silaris Godman & Salvin, 1878

Mesosemia telegone (Boisduval, 1836)

Nymphidium cachrus (Fabricius, 1787)

Nymphidium onaeum Hewitson, 1869

Perophthalma tullius (Fabricius, 1787)

Rhetus arcius (Linnaeus, 1763)

Rhetus dysonii (Saunders, 1850)

Rhetus periander (Cramer, 1777)

Symmachia sp.

Synargis calyce (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862)

Theope virgilius (Fabricius, 1793)

Consideraciones finales

Listado por subfamilias

Bibliografía

Agradecimientos

Abreviaturas usadas en este libro

PNN Tayrona: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona.

C: corredor.

V: vereda.

AAD: ala anterior dorsal.

APD: ala posterior dorsal.

AAV: ala anterior ventral.

APV: ala posterior ventral.

CD: celda discal.

msnm: metros sobre el nivel del mar.

BOA: Butterflies of America.

SNSM: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.

Símbolos

m: metros.

: macho.

: hembra.