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Document from the year 2024 in the subject Medicine - Dentistry, grade: A, Riphah International University Islamabad (Central institute of family medicine), course: MCPS, language: English, abstract: The use of miswak has been considered very important from past centuries.This natural stick has multiple oral health benefits in comparison to tooth brushes and toothpastes that may also harm oral bacteria.

Miswaak has been considered a wonder stick from ancient times because of its immense benefits. Following is a review article considering numerous aspects on miswak including:
Biological components of miswak (salvadora persica)and their effects on oral health.
Studies showing comparison between miswak and toothbrush use.
Epidemiological surveys (effects on different oral health care parameters including caries, plaque and gingival scoring indices, pain and saliva secretion).
Comparison of fresh and old miswak effects on oral health and index scores
Comparison between different types of miswak and differences in their effects, chemical composition and anti-microbial activity.